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Kreisau Circle
The Kreisau Circle (German: ''Kreisauer Kreis'') was the name the Nazi Gestapo gave to a group of German dissidents centered on the estate of Helmuth James Graf von Moltke at Kreisau, Silesia (now Krzyżowa, Poland). It is regarded as one of the main centers of German opposition to the Nazi regime. The difficulty for all such dissidents was how to reconcile patriotic loyalty to Germany with opposition to the Nazis, once the Nazis had subverted the state to such an extent that the two were almost inextricable.
==Membership==
Even though eight generals help plan this, not all are main players in the conspiracy. Phillip and Eric Von Boeslager are responsible for making the bomb, read Phillip's memoir. Colonel Stauffenberg was the main conspirator, he was the one planted the bomb, then made a call to Beck to arrest the SS and Gestapo. The leaders of the ''Kreisauer Kreis'' included members of some of the most illustrious names in German history. Helmuth James von Moltke was a great-grandnephew of the famous Field Marshal Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, who led the Prusso-German armies to victory over France in 1870. Peter Yorck von Wartenburg was a direct descendant of the Prussian general of the Napoleonic era who had been instrumental in arranging the defection of the Prussian army from the French side to that of the Sixth Coalition in 1813. General Yorck had been rewarded with title of Count, Graf von Yorck, and was allowed to append the name 'Wartenburg' to his surname as a battle honour.
Most members of the group were conservatives from the traditional German aristocracy and gentry, but the circle also included people from a wide variety of backgrounds. They included two Jesuit priests, two Lutheran pastors, conservatives, liberals, monarchists, landowners, former trade-union leaders and diplomats. They were united in their abhorrence of Nazism and their desire to conceive of a new, humane Germany after Hitler.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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